Matt Prater gets Arizona on the board with a 29-yard field goal. Edmonds then gets 6 more, then 1, to bring up third-and-3. It's first-and-10 at the Detroit 41.Ĭhase Edmonds picks up 23 yards on his first-down carry, reaching the Detroit 18. James Conner immediately breaks a 22-yard run to the Arizona 47, where it'll be first-and-10.Ĭonner then moves the chains with a 3-yard gain on third-and-1 on the next set of downs. The Cardinals take over at their own 25 to start the half. Lions 24, Cardinals 3 (8:10 3rd) Cardinals cut into Detroit's lead to start 3Q Jason Cabinda hauls in the 6-yard touchdown reception on the very next play to put Detroit up three scores. Oruwariye returns it to Arizona's 6-yard-line, and that's a huge momentum swing. It's Arizona's ball at its own 44.īut the Lions get it right back with an Amani Oruwariye interception on the second play of the drive. Shane Zylstra hauls in a 16-yard pass, but Godwin Igwebuike fumbles on the next play. Lions 24, Cardinals 6 (3:54 3rd) Lions, Cardinals trade turnovers as Detroit takes 24-3 leadĭetroit takes over at its own 25 after the Cardinals touchdown, leading 17-3.Ĭraig Reynolds runs it three straight times to give Detroit a first down at the 37. A third-down incompletion forces another field goal. James Conner rushes for 3, but the Cardinals lose that yardage on an errant snap that ends up a 4-yard loss. Green for a 19-yard completion that gives Arizona first-and-10 at the Detroit 43.Ĭhase Edmunds goes up the gut for 6 on the next play, and Green comes up with a 27-yard reception on third-and-4 to give Arizona first-and-goal at the 10. After Christian Kirk drops a pass on second-and-9, Murray makes a miracle throw to A.J. Kyler Murray starts the drive with a 20-yard completion to Zach Ertz. Lions 27, Cardinals 6 (13:15 4th) Cardinals chip into deficit with another FGĪrizona takes over at its own 17, trailing 24-3. After a second-down incompletion, the Lions pick up 11 to give their field goal kicker a chance. Nevertheless, it's first-and-10 at the Arizona 47.Īfter Reynolds runs for 8, he puts a nasty move on a couple Cardinals defenders to reverse field and reach the Arizona 31 for another gain of 8.Ī holding penalty on second-and-9 makes it second-and-19. The Cardinals are then flagged for their third roughing-the-passer penalty. Two short runs by Craig Reynolds set up third-and-4, where Jared Goff's pass is caught for a gain of 6 by Josh Reynolds. Lions 27, Cardinals 6 (7:48 4th) Lions extend lead in 4Q with FGĭetroit takes over at its own 25, leading 24-6. Jack Fox's punt is fair caught at the 13. The Lions are stuffed on third-and-4 for a loss of 3, and they'll punt. Detroit then forces third-and-6, an incompletion, and the fourth-down throw to Antoine Wesley in the end zone is caught, but it's ruled that he's out of bounds.Ĭraig Reynolds takes off for a 16-yard run to the Detroit 46, then pounds ahead for 5 more on the next play. Kyler Murray's first two passes are incomplete, but Will Harris is tagged with a pass interference call on third down to make it first-and-10 at the 50.Ī screen to James Conner goes for 16 yards. Lions 27, Cardinals 12 (4:40 4th) Lions forced to punt after turnover on downsĪrizona takes over at its own 31, needing a score. Jalen Reeves-Maybin bats away Kyler Murray's pass on the two-point attempt. Parker makes a nice play to keep Ertz from catching a pass in the end zone, but Christian Kirk hauls one in on the next play. The Cardinals move it to the 50 with a third-down conversion, then Kyler Murray hits Zach Ertz with a 13-yard gain to the 37 of Detroit.Ī.J. They move the chains with receptions of 5 and 7 yards, then reach the 37 with a 12-yard run by Chase Edmonds. Game over!įINAL: Lions 30, Cardinals 12 Cardinals add TD, trail by 15 in 4QĪrizona takes over at its own 13, trailing by 21. The Cardinals reach the red zone, but don't get further than that. Riley Patterson tacks on a 45-yard field goal to his day, as the Lions go up 30-12.Ĭolt McCoy has subbed in at quarterback for the Cardinals. The Lions force Arizona into using all three timeouts, while picking up a first down via pass interference on the Cards. The Lions recover an onside kick from the Cardinals. Lions add FG, shut down Cardinals to end game The Detroit Lions welcomed the league's best road team into Ford Field on Sunday and thrashed the NFC West-leading Arizona Cardinals, 30-12, behind 112 rushing yards from Craig Reynolds and three touchdown passes for Jared Goff, who threw for 216 yards on 21-for-26 passing with no interceptions.
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It is only once inside each loudspeaker’s DSP chip that the Bowie MQA stream is unfolded a second time to 24bit/192kHz and MQA’s DAC optimising filtering applied. Because the stream is still at 24bit/96kHz, it matters not if the interlink is wired or wireless. When the Bowie MQA stream reaches the LS50 Wireless II, it is unfolded to 24bit/96kHz by the primary loudspeaker’s streaming processor before being handed off to the primary loudspeaker’s DSP chip internally and the secondary loudspeaker’s DSP chip via the interlink. Unlike Qobuz, Tidal doesn’t send us a 24bit/192kHz file directly but a 24bit/48kHz MQA stream that has the potential to be unfolded twice: once to 24bit/96kHz and a second time to 24bit/192kHz but only after the second channel’s datastream has traversed the KEF loudspeakers’ interlink. Many of the David Bowie remasters reissued in 2015, 20 are streamable from Tidal and Qobuz as 24bit/192kHz studio masters. Step one is now complete.įor step two, the first-unfolded stream is sent internally to the primary loudspeaker’s ADi Sigma DSP chip where any further unfolds, should they exist, are executed and MQA deblur filtering applied.īut what about the secondary loudspeaker? Remember: the first-unfolded stream’s sample rate will always be at or below 96kHz, so it can traverse the LS50 Wireless II’s interlink without issue to arrive at the secondary loudspeaker’s ADi Sigma DSP chip, which then handles further unfolds (to 192kHz…to 384kHz) and applies MQA deblur filtering to the other channel’s data. 44.1kHz is expanded to 88.2kHz or, more common, 48kHz to 96kHz. This is where the first unfold, should it exist, is executed. Were all of MQA’s unfolds handled by the primary loudspeaker, causing the maximum possible sample rate to be held captive by the speaker’s interlink 24bit/192kHz for wired, 24bit/96kHz for wireless? Similarly: where was the rendering being done: in the primary loudspeaker or in both loudspeakers? To turn over that stone we’d need to first talk to MQA’s Bob Stuart and then to the LS50 Wireless II’s project lead Jack Oclee-Brown.Īccording to the man from KEF, MQA handling inside the LS50 Wireless II is a two-step process: the MQA stream – either 44.1kHz or 48kHz – arrives at the primary loudspeaker’s internal streaming processor. Our beginner’s video on the KEF LS50 Wireless II left one question unanswered: just how exactly did MQA work inside this streaming loudspeaker? The specifics matter to a small (but very vocal) percentage of interested parties. Learn more: #TIDALConnect #StreamUnlimited #MQAEverywhere #MQATakeMeThere post shared by MQA on at 8:10am PDT MQA #News: Connect Launches with MQA Support new casting technology enables HiFi members to control their music listening on connected devices directly from the app. The standard error of z r is approximately:Īnd hence a 95% confidence interval for the true population value for the transformed correlation coefficient z r is given by z r - (1.96 × standard error) to z r (1.96 × standard error). To calculate a confidence interval, r must be transformed to give a Normal distribution making use of Fisher's z transformation : This additional information can be obtained from a confidence interval for the population correlation coefficient. (Fig.5 5).Ĭonfidence interval for the population correlation coefficientĪlthough the hypothesis test indicates whether there is a linear relationship, it gives no indication of the strength of that relationship. (Fig.4) 4) however, there could be a nonlinear relationship between the variables (Fig. A value close to 0 indicates no linear relationship (Fig. one variable decreases as the other increases Fig. A value close to -1 indicates a strong negative linear relationship (i.e. one variable increases with the other Fig. A value of the correlation coefficient close to 1 indicates a strong positive linear relationship (i.e. The value of r always lies between -1 and 1. This is the product moment correlation coefficient (or Pearson correlation coefficient). Where is the mean of the x values, and is the mean of the y values. ), then the correlation coefficient is given by the following equation: In algebraic notation, if we have two variables x and y, and the data take the form of n pairs (i.e. To quantify the strength of the relationship, we can calculate the correlation coefficient. But it seems that you application is really about "predictive causality," which is exactly what the Granger causality approach is meant for.On a scatter diagram, the closer the points lie to a straight line, the stronger the linear relationship between two variables. Granger causality has been critiqued for not actually establishing causality (in some cases). Then do the same the reverse (so, now regress the past values of X and Y on X(t)) and see which regressions have significant F-values.Ī very straightforward example, with R code, is found here. Check the significance of the F-statistics for each regression. regress X(t-1), X(t-2), X(t-3), Y(t-1), Y(t-2), Y(t-3) on Y(t)Ĭontinue for whatever history length might be reasonable.Also, considering that you are dealing with time series data, it tells you how much of the history of X counts towards the prediction of Y (or vice versa).Ī time series X is said to Granger-cause Y if it can be shown, usually through a series of t-tests and F-tests on lagged values of X (and with lagged values of Y also included), that those X values provide statistically significant information about future values of Y. In other words, it tells you whether beta or gamma is the thing to take more seriously. This would help you to assess whether X is a good predictor of Y or whether X is a better of Y. Perhaps the approach of "Granger causality" might help. $\dagger$ This is a simplification but it suits the purpose of explaining how one can, and should, perform the analysis to find an optimal ratio without a regression line. Also you could incorporate the time in a more sophisticated model to make better predictions of future values/distributions for the pair $X,Y$. Improvements of the model can be made by using different distributions than multivariate normal. In a situation with more than two variables/stocks/bonds you might generalize this to the last (smallest eigenvalue) principle component. To see the connection between both representations, take a bivariate Normal vector: The manual labor that entails is not a good use of your time and resources. Imagine creating a new pay stub document for each employee, every payroll period. It saves time and boosts productivity.For example, when tax season rolls around, they ensure W2 forms are completed with accurate information. An error-free paystub is equally important for business owners. Using a template with built-in formulas makes it easier to calculate wages, taxes, bonuses, and everything else that determines an employee’s earnings, reducing the risk of making an error. Check stub templates help business owners avoid these costly mistakes and ensure everyone on their team is rewarded for their hard work. QuickBooks’ survey found that 1 in 6 respondents would consider quitting their job after a single inaccurate paycheck. Using a check stub template helps ensure that this important document meets employee expectations, while simplifying payroll administration for employers. It’s an important part of the payroll process, and it’s essential when it comes to employee-employer relationships. Why use a check stub template?Ī check stub is much more than a black and white piece of paper you hand to employees when payday rolls around. Often that means you can simply check your email on payday, and you’ll see the check stub in your inbox. More than 95% of organizations pay employees via direct deposit, so most check stubs are now created electronically, using a check stub template or a pay stub maker or paystub generator. Physical check stubs printed on standard check paper are becoming a thing of the past. The typical information listed in a check stub template includes wages, hours worked, as well as deductions like taxes or insurance, and other important details we’ll look at more closely in a bit. It looks a little something like this:Ī check stub template is a simple and efficient way to create a check stub, which is a financial record of an employee’s payment details for the current pay period and year to date. When you think of a check stub, you’re likely to conjure up an image of a perforated bit of paper attached to a cheque, full of tiny numbers. Get the template What is a check stub template? Most importantly, we’ll show you how to make your payroll prep a breeze using our customizable check stub template. In this article, we’ll break down what a check stub is and why it’s a must-have for any business, no matter the industry. A good check stub template helps ensure that doesn’t happen to your team members, in addition to enabling you to keep an accurate and transparent payment record and a simple and cost-efficient payroll process. According to a recent QuickBooks survey, 25% of employees said they have received a paycheck with errors. Although this enhancement of GABAergic transmission has not been shown to be causal to sleepiness or long sleep durations in patients with IH, biological plausibility is demonstrated by the known GABAergic mechanisms of sleep onset and maintenance, as well as the prominent role of GABA-A receptor agonists/modulators in the production of pharmacologic sleep and anesthesia ( 9– 12). Cerebrospinal fluid from patients with IH, and several other central disorders of hypersomnolence, has been shown to enhance activity at GABA-A receptors in vitro, in excess of that of cerebrospinal fluid from controls ( 8). Hypocretin deficiency, known to cause narcolepsy type 1, is not present in patients with IH ( 7). While presumably not all of these individuals would meet diagnostic criteria for idiopathic hypersomnia, it is clear that the symptoms of IH are not uncommon.Īs the name “idiopathic” hypersomnia implies, the pathophysiology of IH is presently unknown. Using a questionnaire-based algorithm, Ohayon et al have demonstrated that the symptom of excessive sleepiness, associated with irresistible daytime naps, multiple naps in the same day, non-restorative nocturnal sleep of at least 9 hours, or difficulty waking after sleep, is present in 0.5% of the population ( 6). As such, the true prevalence of IH is unknown. Clinic-based estimates of IH prevalence are limited by differing referral patterns and biases, such that estimates of the relative frequency of IH to narcolepsy with cataplexy vary substantially, anywhere from 1:10 to greater than 1:1 ( 1– 5). Population-based estimates of the frequency of IH are difficult to obtain, given the requirements for electrophysiologic testing and ruling out of other disorders that may cause similar symptoms. Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a chronic neurologic disorder that manifests as pathologic daytime sleepiness with or without prolonged sleep durations. Even with current treatment options, quality of life and safety may remain impaired in patients with this challenging chronic disease. A substantial fraction of IH patients are refractory or intolerant to standard treatments, and different treatment strategies, employing novel therapeutics, are necessary in these cases. Modafinil is first line and supported by two randomized, controlled trials in IH patients. There are no FDA-approved treatments for IH symptoms, which are typically treated with off-label use of medications approved for narcolepsy. Diagnosis of IH involves a careful clinical history, with particular attention to the possibility of other disorders with similar symptomatology, and objective testing with actigraphy, polysomnography, and multiple sleep latency testing. Dysfunction of autonomic, inflammatory, or immune systems has been proposed, and patients with IH have been found to have an endogenous modulator of GABA-A receptors within their cerebrospinal fluid. The cause of idiopathic hypersomnia is presently unknown, although a genetic predisposition is suggested by the strong family history of similar symptoms. Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a chronic neurological disorder that results in daytime sleepiness, frequently accompanied by long nocturnal or daytime sleep, unrefreshing sleep, difficulty in awakening, cognitive dysfunction, and autonomic symptoms. There may be several underlying causes of heart palpitations and headaches to occur together. When dehydrated, your blood volume decreases, which can strain your heart and lead to cardiac symptoms, including heart palpitations. This not only affects your head but also has implications for your cardiovascular system. As your body tries to cool down through sweat evaporation, it uses up precious water, and dehydration kicks in if you're not replenishing it. Stepping outside into a vibrant summer atmosphere may suddenly become a struggle to enjoy the season's simple pleasures.ĭehydration plays a significant role in inducing heat headaches and can also affect the health of your heart. Factors like humidity, changes in weather, and even bright light can all contribute to these pounding head sensations. When it comes to heat-related headaches and migraines, it's not just the scorching temperatures that can leave you in agony. And for those with migraines, the summer heat can be a particularly potent trigger.ĭon't let heatwave migraines steal your summer joy! Read this blog from Life Pharmacy, the trusted UK chemist online, to outsmart the scorching temperatures and reclaim your fun-filled days. What is depression? A Mayo Clinic expert explains.Although summer is a season of fun and relaxation, for many people, it also brings the misery of migraines, headaches from heat, and tension headaches.Depression and anxiety: Can I have both?.Clinical depression: What does that mean?.Antidepressants: Which cause the fewest sexual side effects?.Antidepressants: Selecting one that's right for you.Antidepressants: Can they stop working?.Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it?.Antidepressants and alcohol: What's the concern?.Antidepressant withdrawal: Is there such a thing?.Behavioral management of the triggers of recurrent headache: A randomized control trial. Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of migraine in adults. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Preventive treatment of migraine in adults. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Migraine and other primary headache disorders. When you're done, sit quietly for a minute or two. It may help to relax your muscles, one group at a time. Focus on inhaling and exhaling slowly and deeply for at least 10 minutes every day. Deep breathing from your diaphragm can help you relax. Doing something you enjoy is a natural way to combat stress. It could be playing a game, having coffee with a friend or pursuing a hobby. Find time to do something you enjoy for at least 15 minutes every day. If you find yourself thinking, "This can't be done," switch gears. If you feel overwhelmed, a few slow stretches or a quick walk may renew your energy for the task at hand. Delegate what you can, and divide large projects into manageable chunks. Update your to-do list every day - both at work and at home. Instead, find a way to leave some things out. Don't look for ways to squeeze more activities or chores into the day. You can't avoid daily stress, but you can keep it under control to help manage your migraines: Stress and migraines often go hand in hand. What better way to do it than to actually bring him to life, you know, this other side of me that is tragically darker?” he added. “For the longest time, I’ve felt, I had a need to fix, which is kind of funny, because it is me at the end of day,” IAN said, pointing out that he “labeled” his emotional lows as “somebody else” for a good part of his life. That’s how I found out I had bipolar ,” he mused. But mine was a little bit more, I guess, manic. On Archive of Our Own (AO3), users can make profiles, create works and other Content, post comments, give Kudos, create Collections and Bookmarks, participate. For his music video, 'So Beautiful', I suggested getting his nails done. After three years his group disbanded, and he debuted as a solo artist in 2020 with a new moniker, DPR IAN. This time, we have a special guest from DreamPerfectRegime, Christian Yu aka dpr ian. And I just thought it was this whole puberty thing for everyone. Christian Yu is a Korean-Australian singer-songwriter, produce and director, who became known in 2012when he was launched as the leader and rapper of the Korean Pop (K-Pop) boyband C-CLOWN, with his stage name Rome. “As I was hitting puberty, I had mood swings. DPR LIVE, DPR IAN, AND DPR CREAM ARE OFFICIALLY ADDED TO ASSvol22023 LINEUP Yes, you read that right Thats why we tell you to secure your ticket NOW at bit. He also said that those kinds of contracts are still a “systematic problem”, while pointing out that things are “getting better” for idols.Įlsewhere in the interview, IAN also opened up about his life with bipolar disorder and how that inspired his debut EP, ‘Moodswings In This Order’. IAN later noted that nowadays people are a lot more “educated” about what the K-pop idol life is like, compared to when he was first starting out. A complex, immersive build – This buildable LEGO® Star Wars™ X-wing display model measures over 27 cm (10.5 in.) high, 55 cm (21.5 in.) long and 44 cm (17.5 in. This LEGO 4+ set is designed to be fun and easy for youngsters, with folding wings and an opening minifigure cockpit, plus a special Starter Brick base that.Gift idea – Treat yourself or give this 1,949-piece set as a birthday present or Christmas gift to another Star Wars™ fan, experienced LEGO® builder or collector of LEGO Star Wars UCS sets.Designed for display – Display the X-wing on the stand, which features a plaque showing X-wing technical data and has space for the Luke Skywalker LEGO® minifigure.The set also features a space for R2-D2 behind the cockpit Authentic details – Turn the dial on top of the X-wing to adjust the wings for flight and attack modes.2 iconic Star Wars™ characters – Includes a Luke Skywalker LEGO® minifigure with a lightsaber and an outfit designed specifically for this set, plus an R2-D2 LEGO droid figure.Use your creative Force – Build and display a LEGO® Star Wars™ Ultimate Collector Series version of an X-Wing Starfighter (75355) from the classic Star Wars trilogy and Star Wars: The Mandalorian.Find illustrated instructions in the box and download the LEGO Builder app for 3D zoom and rotate tools and more to assist you with every step of this complex build. After all, it is both iconic and pretty simple: long, thin nose, four wings on hinges, cockpit somewhere in the middle and long guns on wingtips. Because of that, most of us had built one at some point of time. This collectible LEGO Star Wars set for adults makes a spectacular gift for yourself, another Star Wars fan or any advanced LEGO builder. Jerac Eurobricks Citizen 497 posts Posted Septem(edited) There are not many fictional spaceships as recognizable as the x-wing. The X-wing measures over 55 cm (21.5 in.) long and comes with a buildable display stand featuring a plaque showing X-wing technical data and space for the new-for-May-2023 Luke Skywalker LEGO minifigure with his lightsaber. Channel the focus of a Jedi to recreate authentic details using LEGO® bricks, including the opening cockpit, space behind the cockpit for the R2-D2 LEGO droid figure, and wings that can be adjusted from flight mode into attack mode at the turn of a switch. It's free to become a member.Recall exciting scenes from the Star Wars™ trilogy and Star Wars: The Mandalorian as you build this stunningly detailed Ultimate Collector Series version of an X-Wing Starfighter (75355). VIP members can also take part in giveaways and earn $5 in points for every $100 spent. A simple-to-build version of the starfighter from Star Wars: The Force Awakens, this awesome building toy has wings that fold out for flight and in for landing. This detailed model has retractable landing gear, an opening minifigure cockpit with a fire extinguisher behind the seat, stud shooters on the side and wing-mounted spring-loaded shooters, space for R2-D2, and a new-for-August-2018 lever function to transition the wings between cruise and attack modes. This highly detailed Starfighter is made up of over 1500 pieces and features an opening cockpit and a R2-D2 droid mounted overhead for unrivaled realism. Product Description Let youngsters learn to build and role-play with this LEGO Star Wars Resistance X-wing (75297) for ages 4 and up. What are the Lego Star Wars Day free gifts?įree gifts up for grabs this year include a miniature Death Star II, a VIP exclusive collectable coin and a micro-scale X-Wing Starfighter, free when you spent a certain amount. Lead the Rebel attack with the LEGO Star Wars 75218 X-Wing Starfighter. What's new this Lego Star Wars day?Īlthough the above Darth Vader helmet is a bit of an older set, there are seven totally new Lego sets for Lego Star Wars Day, including the X-Wing Starfighter (price $239.99), the Emperor's Throne Room Diorama ($99.99) and the Endor Speeder Chase Diorama ($79.99). Star Wars Day is May 4th ('May the fourth be with you', if you follow), but Lego's event runs all week from May 1 right though until midnight Sunday, May 7, wherever you are. And it all came about due to a terrible pun – May the 4th sounds very similar to 'May the force', as in "May the force be with you." When does Lego Star Wars day start? Its packed with authentic details to delight fans, including an opening LEGO minifigure cockpit with space behind for R2-D2, wings that can be switched to. Concept art for the ship was first revealed at the Rogue One. So it's not quite Christmas, but Star Wars day is important for fans of the saga. The U-wing was created and developed for the 2016 Star Wars film Rogue One: A Star Wars Story. Flying on to shelves for this year’s May the 4th event, the next LEGO Star Wars Ultimate Collector Series set is the third to recreate Luke Skywalker’s iconic starfighter (following 2000’s 7191 X-wing Fighter and 2013’s 10240 X-wing Starfighter). Similar with their magnification levels, TEMs have a higher resolution of 50 picometers, while SEMs have a resolution of 1 nanometer. TEMs and SEMs also differ in terms of resolution or resolving power. This can be manipulated by adjusting the voltage of the deflector plates and the current of the scanning coils. Rather, this is controlled by the raster size on the specimen compared to the display device’s raster. Now, unlike conventional light microscopes, the magnification of a scanning electron microscope is not dependent on the use of objective lenses. However, there are some scanning electron microscopes that can magnify an image for up to 3,000,000 times. The thing about scanning electron microscopes is that these have a surprisingly wide range of magnification levels, from just as low as 10x, which is similar to that of a simple hand-held microscope, and up to a maximum of 500,000x, which is easily hundreds of times the magnification of even the best light microscope. These lenses have a wide range of magnification power, and each one has the ability to focus and defocus the electron beam coming from the microscope’s electron gun, as well as collimate or magnify the beams transmitted from the specimen. This is possible through the microscope’s use of multi-stage beam preparation optics, including high power electron optical lenses which are actually made from curved magnetic fields made of solenoid coils and ferromagnetic materials. Generally, transmission electron microscopes have a magnification of at least 100,000 times, and it can go up to a stunning 50 million with the use of specialized high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopes have a higher magnification of up to 50 million times, whereas scanning electron microscopes can typically magnify images around 500,000 times. MagnificationĪnother difference between TEM vs SEM is their magnification power. What happens next is that these electrons and other energy loss generate signals that are gathered by an electron detector, and the position and intensity of these signals are used to construct the image of the specimen- at least in most types of scanning electron microscopes. These forms of energy offer information about the specimen’s surface, composition, and topography, and include light, heat, X-ray, and most importantly, high energy backscattered electrons and low energy secondary electrons. As the electrons come into contact with the specimen, it produces a variety of energy loss. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopes use 50 eV focused electron beams to probe the specimen by scanning it across a rectangular area of the specimen in a raster scan pattern. Afterwards, these electrons carrying information about the specimen’s structure are magnified by the special objective lenses of the microscope.įinally, an image is generated through one of three ways- by projecting the electron image onto a coated fluorescent screen, by exposing it on a photographic plate to be photographed, or by guiding it through an optical lens system to a sensor of a digital camera with a fiber optic light guide. This electron beam is then transmitted to the specimen, passing through it, and gets scattered. It releases a high voltage beam of electrons that is accelerated by an anode at 40 to 100 keV, which is then focused by electromagnetic and electrostatic lenses. On a transmission electron microscope, the electrons are sourced from an electron gun designed with a tungsten filament cathode. While both devices use electron beams to image a specimen, TEMs transmit these electrons through the specimen, while SEMs use these electrons to scan the specimen. The key difference between TEMs and SEMs is the specific microscopy technique being used. In fact, we didn't even need to look at the manual to figure this machine out. The three buttons on the top-vacuum and seal, seal, and pulse vacuum-are straightforward and get the job done. If vacuum sealers with tons of bells and whistles intimidate you, you're in luck-you don't have to be tech-savvy to use this one. You can use it with bags of different sizes for serving groups of two or 10. The super-sleek and simple one-touch Anova is designed to extract air quickly and seal tightly. This sealer is intended for use with the brand's popular sous vide cooker, but it works well for food saving, too. It comes with an accessory air suction hose, five medium vacuum seal bags, and a vacuum bag roll. We loved that this device was small enough to hide away in a cabinet, pantry, or drawer, but the compact design does mean that there's no onboard storage for bag rolls and no integrated bag cutter. Furthermore, country pork ribs that were cooked using sous vide stayed leak-proof throughout the process. We also sealed ground beef, and although it pulled some liquid, the seal was solid, and the meat froze well with no hints of freezer burn. The cereal we sealed had zero crumbs and minimal air pockets. Our tests revealed incredible suction power with good pulse control that allows you to get super-tight seals even on irregularly shaped items. The Mueller has settings for moist or dry foods to help you customize the perfect vacuum seal. We even liked this option for freezing leftover brownies or strawberries and overripe bananas for smoothies. There are options for gentle or airtight vacuuming, so you don't have to worry about delicate foods like crackers or soft produce getting smashed. Not only does it create strong seals, but it also boasts an easy-to-use control panel, which gives you complete control over the vacuum-sealing process-and it's compatible with other brands of vacuum sealer bags and rolls. This vacuum sealer from Mueller Austria is a great value. Two different sized bag rolls are included to get you started, and when you need more, this sealer will work with any brand of vacuum sealer bags. An accessory port allows you to attach a hose to the sealer to extract air from jars and vacuum canisters, and a built-in bag roll storage and bag cutter allow you to cut bags to the exact size you need. In our tests, the Nesco VS-12 was the only sealer that didn't crush fresh raspberries-the most delicate of foods we tried.īeyond performance, we loved how user-friendly it was: The latch locks easily, and there's a timer that counts down until it manually seals (although it is a bit slow). The gentle setting, in combination with the pulse feature, offers precise control over the vacuum process so items like buns and pastries don't get crushed. There are also two vacuum pressures to choose from-normal and gentle-to keep more delicate foods like crackers and other snacks from breaking. Even with irregularly shaped items, we saw almost no air pockets or bubbles after sealing. A double vacuum pump extracts every last bit of air from your sealed package. There are sealing settings for dry foods (like cereal) and moist foods (like raw meat), as well as an option to create a double heat seal on any bag.
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